commentary on: a study of genotypes, mutants, and nucleotide sequence of hepatitis b virus in pakistan

A study of genotypes, mutants and nucleotide sequence of hepatitis B virus in Pakistan

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes and mutations are gaining importance in determining the clinical course of chronic liver disease. OBJECTIVES To determine and compare the distribution of HBV genotypes and genomic variations in Pakistan to other parts of the world. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a prospective study at Aga Khan University Hospital from December 2006 to December...

commentary on: a study of genotype, mutants and nucleotide sequence of hbv in pakistan

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus, Genotypes, and Mutants in HBsAg-Positive Patients in Meerut, India

Background: Genetic changeability of hepatitis B virus (HBV) signifies a challenge for the sensitivity of immunologic and molecular diagnostics. Therefore, knowing the spread of HBV genotypes (GENs) and mutation has considerable impacts on treatment strategies, vaccination program, diagnosis, and prevention. The present study aimed to detect HBV GENs and mutants in HBsAg-positive patients. Meth...

Commentary on: A study of genotype, mutants and nucleotide sequence of HBV in Pakistan

I read with interest the article “A study of genotype, mutants and nucleotide sequence of HBV in Pakistan” by Mumtaz et al. (1) in your journal. The study revealed a prevalence of 96.2% of genotype D in different areas of Pakistan. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been classified into 10 genotypes (based on the intergroup divergence of > 8% to < 17%), with a characteristic geographic distribution th...

epistemic modality in english and persian academic writing: a cross-linguistic study of genre on the notion of transfer

چکیده حیطه ی نوشتار دانشگاهی اخیرا شاهد تغییرات عمده ای از غیرشخصی بودن (عینی بودن) به شخصی بودن بوده است. شخصی بودن متون دانشگاهی اهمیت استفاده از وجهیت معرفتی را برجسته می سازد چرا که? وجهیت معرفتی? بر اساس یکی از تعاریف ارائه شده از این مقوله? ارتباط تنگاتنگی با شخصی بودن داشته و به عنوان بیان نظر شخصی گوینده در مورد جز گزاره ای گفته در نظر گرفته میشود. بنابراین? با در نظر داشتن نقاط مشترک...

a contrastive study of rhetorical functions of citation in iranian and international elt scopus journals

writing an academic article requires the researchers to provide support for their works by learning how to cite the works of others. various studies regarding the analysis of citation in m.a theses have been done, while little work has been done on comparison of citations among elt scopus journal articles, and so the dearth of research in this area demands for further investigation into citatio...